Trend day occurs when there is expansion of the daily trading range and the opening and closing are approximately opposite extremes. The first half hour of trade often consists of less than 10% of the daily range, typically a very small intra-day correction. Typically, the price effect captures the momentum the last hour and the trend is accelerating.
Daily trend may occur in the same or in opposite direction to the prevailing trend in the afternoon schedule. The critical point is to increase the spread between the maximum and minimum daily range, which offers the opportunity to make trading profits for a short time.
Classic trend day - great at the opening of the GEO has created a vacuum on the side of purchases. The market opened at one extreme and closed on another. Please note, as he did higher peaks and higher minimums all day. Also, at the end of the day increased mobility - another characteristic of the trend of the day.
Traders need to understand the characteristics of the trend of the day, even if they are interested only in intra-day skalpirovanie. Trader, prescient trend day to change the strategy of the trade from the level of support and resistance and tracking states perekuplennosti and pereprodannosti indicator to use the methodology for trade breakthrough and be flexible enough to buy or sell at the bottom of the top. Trader caught by surprise, will often suffer great losses in the trend, since it will try to sell or buy at the bottom of the top early on. Since there is little intra-day recovery, small losses can easily spiral out of control. The worst problems occur when you try to average losing position in the trend days.
Fortunately, it is possible to identify certain conditions that often precede trend days. Because it can easily be done at night when the markets closed, a trader can adapt their trading plan for the next day and will be ready to place their orders at the opening position and the stopordera at acceptable levels.
The principle of reduction / enlargement range
Several types of conditions lead to a trend day, but most involve some type of reduction in the variability or range of days. Generally, price expansion tends to follow periods of price reductions, a phenomenon that is cyclical. Market alternates periods of rest and periods of consolidation or movement, or increase / decrease. Variability, in fact, is more cyclical than price.
When the market consolidates, buyers and sellers reach the equilibrium price level and trading range suzitsya seek. When new information comes to the market, the market moves from this point of balance and tries to find the new price or a price region. As buyers and sellers will be "caught" on the wrong side and, ultimately, forced to absorb the downward imbalance of supply and demand.
In turn, the increase in price momentum attracts new market participants, and soon harm-ing circle closes. Fast rising prices stimulate new buying, which in turn push prices even higher. Rather than a price to move back, as in the case of trade in the range, a "positive feedback" - the state in which no one can predict how far prices will go. The market receives a strong single pulse, rather than to swing back and forth.
Trend day down
We can tell when the market is approaching the end of the reduction or consolidation, because the average daily range is narrowed. We know that a potential breakthrough in the approach. However, it is difficult to predict the direction of a breakthrough, because buyers and sellers, it seems, are in perfect balance. All we can do - is to prepare for the increased variability and increase the range!
Most trading strategies for breakthroughs allow the market to indicate the direction in which to enter, to go along with the market. This technique offers the initial location of trading positions in exchange for a higher confidence that the market will continue to move towards the entrance to the trade.
The advantage of these breakthroughs on trade policies is that they have a high ratio of reward to risk. The drawback - the fact that rapid Facing can be very unpleasant!
Ticks values for short-term intra-day trading - the state of variability are important for determining the quantity of motion, even if you have short-term intra-day trader. At the consolidated market indicators perekuplennosti / pereprodannosti, such as ticks values may work well for skalpirovaniya.
Conditions of pre-trend Day
Several key price patterns can serve as a signal of potential for a significant increase in the range:
• NR7 - very narrow range over the last 7 days (Toby Krabel introduced this term in his classic book, "Inside-day trading with short term price patterns and breakthroughs in the opening band");
• a cluster of 2 or 3 small daily ranges;
• point of a wedge-type models, which typically shows shrinkage of day range;
• "Huck-day" - in which the opening of above / below the previous maximum / minimum of the day - and then price changes direction, the range should be narrower than the range of the previous day, forcing traders to believe that the trend has spread, then instead of the market has formed only a small consolidation or within-day model to continue;
• low values of variability, based on statistical measurements such as standard deviations, the historical relationship of variability or indices;
• large GEPy at the opening caused by the large imbalance between buyers and sellers;
• Unrestricted momentum (markets close without resistance, above, during an ascending trend, with or without close support, below, while the downstream. This condition differs from the installation of the above, in which volatility has increased. However, the momentum imbalance between the huge market buyers and sellers continues to expand trade!)
Extreme values of the waning ticks can be dangerous - trend in the day, the counter-trend strategy based on reducing teak indicator of extreme values may result in significant losses.
The average true range of stresses the reduction / enlargement range - 3-day average true range of stresses how cyclical is the expansion / reduction of the range. Variability is wont to be more cyclical than price.
Trading Strategy
The strategy of trade on the break, or intra-day method of following the trend may be the best approach to trade in the daily trend. Wait for the market first showed in which direction the trend will evolve in the course of the day. Rarely it can be determined by a single price opening. Thus, most strategies for trade breakthroughs comes only after the market had already begun to move in one direction or another.
Add the following methods in its arsenal. All of them will guarantee that you participate in full-time trend.
• Breakthrough morning trading range. Morning range defined maximum and minimum, established for the first 45-120 minutes of trade. May use different time parameters, but the most popular - the range of the first hour. Wait until the initial range will be set and then put: 1). A warrant for the purchase of higher peak morning and 2). An order to sell below the minimum of the morning. Protective stop-order and you should always place at the opposite end of the range as soon as the warrant was set at the entrance to the market.
• Early entrance. Toby Krabel identified it as a large price movement in one direction during the first 15 minutes after opening. The probability of continuation of this movement is extremely high. As soon as one or two very large 5-minute bars appear within the first 15 minutes, the trader must be quick enough to join the trade in the next "pause", which is usually followed. Many of these strategies, the initial risk may seem, is quite high. However, the trader must admit that since the trading volatility increases, it also increases the potential for good returns.
• Expanding the range of price discovery. A value added or subtracted from the price discovery. Although Toby Krabel also described the concept in his book, it really popularize Larry Williams. The value can be fixed, or it may be a percentage of the average true range of the previous 1-3 days. Warrants for the purchase or sale are in place, and the trader will enter the market, in whatever direction the price is not the beginning of the movement. Log in, often done in the first hour can be made earlier than the breakthrough happens first hour range. Generally, the further the price moves from this point, the greater the chance that it will continue to move in the same direction. The ideal is to continue towards the primary trend, once the open position.
Variability increase since brewing trend - trend days are also often occur in rapid pulse markets. There is a slight decrease in range, the apparent movement in the last part of the trend. Rather, emotions are born, since the imbalance between supply and demand reaches extreme levels.
• Price break from closing the previous day. This strategy is similar to the above, with orders to buy and sell based on the percentage of the previous range of 1-3 days, which adds to the previous closing. The advantage of using the closing price is that warrants the opening of the position can be calculated and placed on the market before the opening. The disadvantage is the potential for rapid spread, if the market moves to fill the large opening at the GEO.
Another version of a breakthrough from the price of opening or closing is the use of standard deviation or functions per cent of the price instead of per cent of the average true range. All of the above methods can be easily incorporated into a mechanical system.
• Breaking through the channel. One of the more popular types of strategies are following the trend in the nineties, initially popularize Donchianom - a concept which uses a breakthrough 4-week maximum or minimum. Later, Richard Dennis has transformed it into a "System of Turtles", which used a 20-day maximum / minimum. Most traders do not understand that, just enter the market with the breakthrough of the maximum or minimum of the day can also be seen as a form of trade breakthrough in the channel. (Another popular option is the 2-day maximum or minimum.)
Exit strategy
One of the easiest and most popular ways to leave the trade on the break is simply a way out at the close of the market. A perfect day trend rose nearly opposite from the opening day of extremum range. This strategy keeps the trader in the market during the day, and it does not bear any risk transfer position for another day. Most strategies break, in fact, allow the transfer position for the next day because the next discovery will often be accompanied by GEPom in a favorable direction. Therefore, the other a simple exit strategy is to close the position when opening the following morning.
Instead, a strategy based on time, like the closing of the day or the next day, you can also use price benchmarks. One popular method is to take profits near the maximum or minimum of the previous day. You can also determine the purpose based on the average true range.
For the classic market analysis, charts "tic-tac-toe" could "account", which sets the benchmark price. This method is valid only when the price breaks out of the consolidation or a well-defined graphical formations.
Trade
In general, for trading systems at breakthrough, the greater the start-stop-order, the higher the ratio of reward to risk. With breakthrough strategies, the initial sale should be given a place to work.
However, intra-day trader will know that better things are moving in his favor now. In this case, move the stop-order level-even as soon as the position shows a sufficient profit. Stop orders can be moved as the market continues to trend, but not too close. Since a significant portion of the profits can be obtained in the last hours of trading, as the trend is accelerating, try not to leave the market early.
When trading multiple lots, close some of them to guarantee a small profit in the event of a turn. However, do not add the position: the later being the entrance to the market, the more difficult to find an appropriate point of risk.
A few words about the mechanical systems
Trade with the mechanical system can provide invaluable experience. Average net income for the majority of these systems is very low, so that they can not bring wealth, but they are amazing tool to gain experience in a very structured format.
If you are going to trade with the help of a mechanical system, you must be willing to enter into all transactions! It is impossible to know what the deal would be winning, and which are losers. Most traders who are trying to select, manage to choose a losing deal, and left without really big wins. The most difficult to carry out the transaction, tend to work best! For most systems, the bulk of profits obtained from less than 5% of the total number of transactions.
Although the majority of breakthroughs in the trade has a high starting point of risk, its high ratio of reward to risk making them easier psychologically. You could be splurging on Losing transactions, but, fortunately, the big losses occur not very often. Also, when trading in multiple markets or market-based instruments, diversification should help to reverse heavy losses.
Sum of the main advantages of trading on the breakthrough:
• it produces a proper habit, there is always a clear stop-order;
• you get more practice performing the transaction;
• This shows the importance of taking each transaction;
• it generates respect for the trend.
Further considerations on the use of trading strategies for breakthroughs
• an average daily trading range (must be high enough to guarantee a "spread");
• must take into account the volume and liquidity;
• It is important to take into account the seasonality (particularly for commodity contracts);
• must take into account the relative effect;
• it is desirable to take into account the commercial structure (diversification of the portfolio).
The mechanical trading system for breakthroughs - curve for a simple trading system for a breakthrough, which is widening the range of closing the previous day and went the next day. Once again, the market opened on a single extremum his range and closed at the other end. This steady pattern of lower highs and lower minimums all day.
The mechanical trading system for the breakthroughs - the system is based on expanding the range of the price of opening and closing and then proceed to the next day. Given the long movement, the entrance to the expansion of the range of the price of opening or closing of the previous day's work equally well. In this case, the entrance to the break of the price discovery led to a higher peak at one point, but greater reductions later.
Daily trend may occur in the same or in opposite direction to the prevailing trend in the afternoon schedule. The critical point is to increase the spread between the maximum and minimum daily range, which offers the opportunity to make trading profits for a short time.
Classic trend day - great at the opening of the GEO has created a vacuum on the side of purchases. The market opened at one extreme and closed on another. Please note, as he did higher peaks and higher minimums all day. Also, at the end of the day increased mobility - another characteristic of the trend of the day.Traders need to understand the characteristics of the trend of the day, even if they are interested only in intra-day skalpirovanie. Trader, prescient trend day to change the strategy of the trade from the level of support and resistance and tracking states perekuplennosti and pereprodannosti indicator to use the methodology for trade breakthrough and be flexible enough to buy or sell at the bottom of the top. Trader caught by surprise, will often suffer great losses in the trend, since it will try to sell or buy at the bottom of the top early on. Since there is little intra-day recovery, small losses can easily spiral out of control. The worst problems occur when you try to average losing position in the trend days.
Fortunately, it is possible to identify certain conditions that often precede trend days. Because it can easily be done at night when the markets closed, a trader can adapt their trading plan for the next day and will be ready to place their orders at the opening position and the stopordera at acceptable levels.
The principle of reduction / enlargement range
Several types of conditions lead to a trend day, but most involve some type of reduction in the variability or range of days. Generally, price expansion tends to follow periods of price reductions, a phenomenon that is cyclical. Market alternates periods of rest and periods of consolidation or movement, or increase / decrease. Variability, in fact, is more cyclical than price.
When the market consolidates, buyers and sellers reach the equilibrium price level and trading range suzitsya seek. When new information comes to the market, the market moves from this point of balance and tries to find the new price or a price region. As buyers and sellers will be "caught" on the wrong side and, ultimately, forced to absorb the downward imbalance of supply and demand.
In turn, the increase in price momentum attracts new market participants, and soon harm-ing circle closes. Fast rising prices stimulate new buying, which in turn push prices even higher. Rather than a price to move back, as in the case of trade in the range, a "positive feedback" - the state in which no one can predict how far prices will go. The market receives a strong single pulse, rather than to swing back and forth.
Trend day downWe can tell when the market is approaching the end of the reduction or consolidation, because the average daily range is narrowed. We know that a potential breakthrough in the approach. However, it is difficult to predict the direction of a breakthrough, because buyers and sellers, it seems, are in perfect balance. All we can do - is to prepare for the increased variability and increase the range!
Most trading strategies for breakthroughs allow the market to indicate the direction in which to enter, to go along with the market. This technique offers the initial location of trading positions in exchange for a higher confidence that the market will continue to move towards the entrance to the trade.
The advantage of these breakthroughs on trade policies is that they have a high ratio of reward to risk. The drawback - the fact that rapid Facing can be very unpleasant!
Ticks values for short-term intra-day trading - the state of variability are important for determining the quantity of motion, even if you have short-term intra-day trader. At the consolidated market indicators perekuplennosti / pereprodannosti, such as ticks values may work well for skalpirovaniya.
Conditions of pre-trend Day Several key price patterns can serve as a signal of potential for a significant increase in the range:
• NR7 - very narrow range over the last 7 days (Toby Krabel introduced this term in his classic book, "Inside-day trading with short term price patterns and breakthroughs in the opening band");
• a cluster of 2 or 3 small daily ranges;
• point of a wedge-type models, which typically shows shrinkage of day range;
• "Huck-day" - in which the opening of above / below the previous maximum / minimum of the day - and then price changes direction, the range should be narrower than the range of the previous day, forcing traders to believe that the trend has spread, then instead of the market has formed only a small consolidation or within-day model to continue;
• low values of variability, based on statistical measurements such as standard deviations, the historical relationship of variability or indices;
• large GEPy at the opening caused by the large imbalance between buyers and sellers;
• Unrestricted momentum (markets close without resistance, above, during an ascending trend, with or without close support, below, while the downstream. This condition differs from the installation of the above, in which volatility has increased. However, the momentum imbalance between the huge market buyers and sellers continues to expand trade!)
Extreme values of the waning ticks can be dangerous - trend in the day, the counter-trend strategy based on reducing teak indicator of extreme values may result in significant losses.
The average true range of stresses the reduction / enlargement range - 3-day average true range of stresses how cyclical is the expansion / reduction of the range. Variability is wont to be more cyclical than price.
Trading Strategy
The strategy of trade on the break, or intra-day method of following the trend may be the best approach to trade in the daily trend. Wait for the market first showed in which direction the trend will evolve in the course of the day. Rarely it can be determined by a single price opening. Thus, most strategies for trade breakthroughs comes only after the market had already begun to move in one direction or another.
Add the following methods in its arsenal. All of them will guarantee that you participate in full-time trend.
• Breakthrough morning trading range. Morning range defined maximum and minimum, established for the first 45-120 minutes of trade. May use different time parameters, but the most popular - the range of the first hour. Wait until the initial range will be set and then put: 1). A warrant for the purchase of higher peak morning and 2). An order to sell below the minimum of the morning. Protective stop-order and you should always place at the opposite end of the range as soon as the warrant was set at the entrance to the market.
• Early entrance. Toby Krabel identified it as a large price movement in one direction during the first 15 minutes after opening. The probability of continuation of this movement is extremely high. As soon as one or two very large 5-minute bars appear within the first 15 minutes, the trader must be quick enough to join the trade in the next "pause", which is usually followed. Many of these strategies, the initial risk may seem, is quite high. However, the trader must admit that since the trading volatility increases, it also increases the potential for good returns.
• Expanding the range of price discovery. A value added or subtracted from the price discovery. Although Toby Krabel also described the concept in his book, it really popularize Larry Williams. The value can be fixed, or it may be a percentage of the average true range of the previous 1-3 days. Warrants for the purchase or sale are in place, and the trader will enter the market, in whatever direction the price is not the beginning of the movement. Log in, often done in the first hour can be made earlier than the breakthrough happens first hour range. Generally, the further the price moves from this point, the greater the chance that it will continue to move in the same direction. The ideal is to continue towards the primary trend, once the open position.
Variability increase since brewing trend - trend days are also often occur in rapid pulse markets. There is a slight decrease in range, the apparent movement in the last part of the trend. Rather, emotions are born, since the imbalance between supply and demand reaches extreme levels.• Price break from closing the previous day. This strategy is similar to the above, with orders to buy and sell based on the percentage of the previous range of 1-3 days, which adds to the previous closing. The advantage of using the closing price is that warrants the opening of the position can be calculated and placed on the market before the opening. The disadvantage is the potential for rapid spread, if the market moves to fill the large opening at the GEO.
Another version of a breakthrough from the price of opening or closing is the use of standard deviation or functions per cent of the price instead of per cent of the average true range. All of the above methods can be easily incorporated into a mechanical system.
• Breaking through the channel. One of the more popular types of strategies are following the trend in the nineties, initially popularize Donchianom - a concept which uses a breakthrough 4-week maximum or minimum. Later, Richard Dennis has transformed it into a "System of Turtles", which used a 20-day maximum / minimum. Most traders do not understand that, just enter the market with the breakthrough of the maximum or minimum of the day can also be seen as a form of trade breakthrough in the channel. (Another popular option is the 2-day maximum or minimum.)
Exit strategy
One of the easiest and most popular ways to leave the trade on the break is simply a way out at the close of the market. A perfect day trend rose nearly opposite from the opening day of extremum range. This strategy keeps the trader in the market during the day, and it does not bear any risk transfer position for another day. Most strategies break, in fact, allow the transfer position for the next day because the next discovery will often be accompanied by GEPom in a favorable direction. Therefore, the other a simple exit strategy is to close the position when opening the following morning.
Instead, a strategy based on time, like the closing of the day or the next day, you can also use price benchmarks. One popular method is to take profits near the maximum or minimum of the previous day. You can also determine the purpose based on the average true range.
For the classic market analysis, charts "tic-tac-toe" could "account", which sets the benchmark price. This method is valid only when the price breaks out of the consolidation or a well-defined graphical formations.
Trade
In general, for trading systems at breakthrough, the greater the start-stop-order, the higher the ratio of reward to risk. With breakthrough strategies, the initial sale should be given a place to work.
However, intra-day trader will know that better things are moving in his favor now. In this case, move the stop-order level-even as soon as the position shows a sufficient profit. Stop orders can be moved as the market continues to trend, but not too close. Since a significant portion of the profits can be obtained in the last hours of trading, as the trend is accelerating, try not to leave the market early.
When trading multiple lots, close some of them to guarantee a small profit in the event of a turn. However, do not add the position: the later being the entrance to the market, the more difficult to find an appropriate point of risk.
A few words about the mechanical systems
Trade with the mechanical system can provide invaluable experience. Average net income for the majority of these systems is very low, so that they can not bring wealth, but they are amazing tool to gain experience in a very structured format.
If you are going to trade with the help of a mechanical system, you must be willing to enter into all transactions! It is impossible to know what the deal would be winning, and which are losers. Most traders who are trying to select, manage to choose a losing deal, and left without really big wins. The most difficult to carry out the transaction, tend to work best! For most systems, the bulk of profits obtained from less than 5% of the total number of transactions.
Although the majority of breakthroughs in the trade has a high starting point of risk, its high ratio of reward to risk making them easier psychologically. You could be splurging on Losing transactions, but, fortunately, the big losses occur not very often. Also, when trading in multiple markets or market-based instruments, diversification should help to reverse heavy losses.
Sum of the main advantages of trading on the breakthrough:
• it produces a proper habit, there is always a clear stop-order;
• you get more practice performing the transaction;
• This shows the importance of taking each transaction;
• it generates respect for the trend.
Further considerations on the use of trading strategies for breakthroughs
• an average daily trading range (must be high enough to guarantee a "spread");
• must take into account the volume and liquidity;
• It is important to take into account the seasonality (particularly for commodity contracts);
• must take into account the relative effect;
• it is desirable to take into account the commercial structure (diversification of the portfolio).
The mechanical trading system for breakthroughs - curve for a simple trading system for a breakthrough, which is widening the range of closing the previous day and went the next day. Once again, the market opened on a single extremum his range and closed at the other end. This steady pattern of lower highs and lower minimums all day.
The mechanical trading system for the breakthroughs - the system is based on expanding the range of the price of opening and closing and then proceed to the next day. Given the long movement, the entrance to the expansion of the range of the price of opening or closing of the previous day's work equally well. In this case, the entrance to the break of the price discovery led to a higher peak at one point, but greater reductions later.
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